Across Latin America, transnational criminal organizations, transnational gangs, and extra-regional actors supporting authoritarian regimes are exploiting growing cracks in the region’s weak financial regulations by transferring parts of their financial…
As decisive pillars of the national economy, Chinese State-Owned Enterprises (SOEs) have been seeking to help the country meet its carbon peaking and carbon neutrality goals since the government announced…
Central America has often been described as a mosaic—a mixture of different cultures and viewpoints in a small area of just 201,497 square meters. It has experienced internal wars, financial…
China’s grand infrastructure development strategy, the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI), has suffered as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic, at least when measured by the amount of funds lent…
China’s currency has considerable economic potential, but, as a reserve currency, the yuan (also called the renminbi) remains far behind the US dollar. Political concerns help explain such underperformance. In…
The staggering rise of cryptocurrencies poses several challenges for governments and central banks. Some countries are moving to implement their own digital cash in response to this phenomenon. China’s introduction…
On September 7, 2021, El Salvador became the first country to introduce bitcoin as legal tender after swift approval of the law only three months prior. However, Salvadoran citizens, multilateral…
While financial secrecy is often associated with small island nations, the Pandora Papers implicate the United States as a popular global tax haven. The stakes in this issue concern both…
The pandemic has already widened the inequality between advanced economies (AEs) and emerging markets[1] (EMs). The rising interest burden in EMs, if unchecked, will divert precious fiscal resources…
To curb global warming, policies to green financial systems are proliferating across the globe. Based on their different political and economic systems, China, the European Union, and the United States…
